Mechanical movement



Nov. 13, 1923. 1,4733% J. HETTRICH MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed June 16,1922 John HeL'Z/L'ch INVENTOR.

' Y M WTTORNEY i atented Nov. 13, 1923. U l T l H S il it:

JOHN HETTRICH, 0F LINCOLN, NEBRASKA.

MECHANICAL MOVEIHENT.

Application filed June 16, 1922. Serial No. 568,817.

To all whom it may concern: are out of horizontal alignment with each Beit known that I, JOHN HETTRIGH, a other but adjacent the horizontalline. The citizen of the United States, residing at body portion of eachshaft is larger in Lincoln, in the county of Lancaster and diameter thanthe end portions, and this 5 State of Nebraska, have invented certainbody portion constitutes a roller 16. In new and useful Improvements inMechani-- practice I reduce the end portions of a cy cal Movements, ofwhich the following is a. lindrical rod. By thus reducing the ends onspecification. a lathe I produce a roller 16 with shaft ends Myinvention relates to mechanical move 15 integral therewith, but I may incertain 10 ments, and more particularly to a mechanicases use shafts 15on which are mounted cal movement involving a continuous series tubularroll rs 16. I introduce non-friction of levers and resulting in itsoperation in a devices in the bearings at the ends of the continuousleverage action. shafts. These non-friction devices are not In theordinary types of gearing a lever shown in my drawings since theyconsti- 15 action is present, but the time element varies tute no partof invention.

according to the ratio of the gear diameters. On the periphery of thedrum 11 I secure It is my object to provide a gearing having a series ofradially extending teeth 1'7. not only the continuous leverage effect,but These teeth as shown are formed by securin which the design may beso varied as to ing lengths of angle iron to the drum, but 0 vary thetime element at will. if preferred other and equally effective Having inview these and other objects methods of applying the gear teeth 17 maywhich will appear in the description, I will be employed. These teethlike the rollers 16 now refer to the drawings, in which-- are offset sothat while they are parallel to Figure 1 is a median section through theeach other, they are non-parallel to the axis drums of my gearing, partsbeing omitted of rotation. It should also be noted. that for clearness.the rollers 16 are spaced apart a distance Figure 2 shows theinteraction of two of which is appreciably greater than the width therollers with one of the teeth when in full of the teeth 17 and that theteeth 17 are oil'- mesh, and set at such an angle that any tooth 17 when30 Figure 3 shows in diagrammatic form the in full mesh with two of therollers 16, will leverage action, the parts in the figure being extendalmost diagonally across the space shown in the same ratio as thosein'Figures between those two rollers as shown in Figl and 2, but to alarger scale. ure 2.

The specific construction shown is only The interaction of the drums canbe exon 3 one of the many forms which my invention plained by referenceto Figures 1. and 2, Figmay take. 1' mount two drums 10 and 11 on ure 2being a view of two of the rollers and the shafts or axles 12 and 13.The shafts of one of the teeth as they appear when 12 and 13 are inexact parallelism and are viewed from the shaft 13 looking toward therigidly held in spaced relation at both of shaft 12. If rot-ative motionin a counter 40 their ends. clockwise direction is imparted to the drumThe drum 10 which in this instance is the 11 (as viewed from the sideshown in Figure larger of the two, has end discs 14 suitably 1) then theteeth 17 acting on the rollers 16 mounted on the shaft 12. In each disc14: will cause the drum 10 to rotate in a clockare apertures for thereception of the shafts wise direction. Owing however to the rela- 4515. These apertures are equidistantly tive positions and inclinations ofthe teeth spaced on a circumference of which the axis and rollers, themeshing tooth has only one of rotation is the center, and both end discspoint of contact at a time with the correare identical with respect tothe size, numspending roller. As viewed in Figure 2, the her, andpositions of the apertures. Each tooth first engages the roller 16 onits right 10 50 shaft 15 is mounted at its ends in the aperhand end. Thedownward pressure of the tures in the discs 14. The shafts 15 are toothon the roller 16 causes that roller to parallel to each other but eachshaft is nonmove the drum 10 on its axis 12. At the parallel to the axisof rotation. To bring same time the combined effect of the rotativeabout this relationship I prefer to offset one motion of the drum 10 andthe pressure of as end of each shaft from the other end by sethe toothis to cause the roller 16 to rotate curing the shafts through apertureswhich on its axis but in a direction contrary to that of the rotation ofthe drum. The not result of this action is that the tooth graduallyclimbs on the roller 1b from one end to the other. During this climbing,the point of contact of the tooth with the roller 16 moves from theright to the left in Figure 2. In this figure the tooth isat a point inits rotation where it is ready to leave the roller 16". It will benoticed that the left hanc end of the tooth is stillv in contact withthe roller 16", but the right hand end of the tooth is almost in contactwith the under side of the roller 16. When this point is reachedthe nextsucceeding tooth is ready to engagethe right hand end of the roller 16"where the same sequence is repeated as with the roller 16'.

It should be noted that the teeth 17 correspond in number to the rollers16, and that each roller is acted upon by the same tooth in successiverotations. It will thus be seen that for every revolution that the drum11 makes, the drum 10 will make a correspond ing revolution, or in otherwords, the angular velocity of the two' drums is equal.

Figure 3 gives a graphic analysis of the forces described in connectionwith the movement of the drums. The two extremities of the horizontalline represent the centers of rotation of the two drums. The two arcshaving these points as centers have radii whose ratio is equal to theratio of the effective radii of the drums 10 and 11. The

chord subtended by both of the arcs is intersected by the sides of theequal angles whose vertices are the centers of rotation of the drums.The sides of the angles however intersect the chord at different points.Inspection of i 'igure 3 will show that the angle at the left cuts oil alarger portion of the chord than that cut off by the angle at the rightin that figure. The difference in lengths of these two portions of thechord represent the gain made by the climbing of one of the teeth 17 onits corresponding roller 16.

Thus far I have confined my description to a pair of gear drums havingequal numbers of intermeshing devices but with unequal radii ofrotation. The lengths of the radii as well as the ratio between theselengths, and the lengths of the drums are all susceptible of widevariation without departing from the spirit of my invention. Likewise ifthe teeth 17 and rollers 16 are unequal in number, the same operationtakes place'ii the teeth and rollers'are properly offset in theirrelation to each other. -It is thus possible to bring about notenlyequality of angular velocities in gears having unequal radii ofrotation, but also to cause inequality of angular velocity in gearshaving equal radii'ot rotation. I have shown the preferred form which myinvention may take, but it is apparent that the principle of operationmay be applied to gears which vary widely in their relative arrangementof parts, and I want it to be understood that I do not relinquish anyoi. the equivalents of the specific structure which I have shown anddescribed.

Having thus described my invention, what I believe to be new and desireto secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. Two lnternieshinggear drums having unequal radii of rotation, and intermeshing geardevices on said drums for causing said drums to rotate at equal angularvelocities, the intermeshing elements or" said gear drums beingcontinuous and uninterrupted throughout the lengths oi the drums.

2. Two intermeshing gear drums, one of said drums having radiallyextending teeth extending from side to side of the drum, the other ofsaid drums having roller bearings for engagement with. the teeth of saidfirst mentioned drum, said roller bearings being parallel to each otherbut non-parallel to the axis of rotation, said roller bearings alsobeing spaced apart a distance greater than the width of the teeth ofsaid first mentioned drum.

3. A pair of gear drums, shafts for said I drums, said shafts beingrigidly held in parallel and spaced-apart relation, radially projectingteeth on the cylindrical surface of one of said drums, said teeth beingspaced apart and parallel to each other but nonparallel to their axis ofrotation, roller bearings on the other of said drums, said rollerbearings also being spaced apart and parallel to each other butnon-parallel to their axis In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JOHN nnrra'ron.

